- oboe
- oboist
- ocarina
- octave
- octave-flute
- olio
- oratorio
- orchestrate
- orchestration
- ornament
- overblew
- overblow
- overtone
- overture
- pan-pipe
- pandora
- pandore
- part
- part-song
- passage
- passing-note
- pastorale
- pastorali
- pause
- pedal
- pentachord
- percussion instrument
- perfect
- pesante
- phantasy
- phrase
- pianino
- pice
- pipe
- piano
- piccolo
- pitch
- pizzicato
- plagal
- pianette
- pianoforte
- play
- plectra
- plectrum
- planissimo
- pitchfork
- piu
- poco
- polyphonic
- pomposo
- portamento
- polyphonous
- polyphony
- polytonal
- polytonality
- prelude
- preside
- prestissimo
- primo
- presto
- pulsatile
- quadrivium
- quadruple
- quarter-rest
- quartet
- quartette
- pulse
- quaver
- quill
- quint
- quintet
- quintette
- re
- rebec
- rebeck
- recital
- recitative
- reed
- reed-pipe
- reminiscence
- register
- repetition
- repeat
- resolution
- resolve
- rest
- reverie
- rhapsody
- ritardando
- ritornallo
- root
- rondo
- round
- romance
- roulade
- run
- rubato
- samisen
- saxhorn
- saxophone